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Lexical phrases have been shown to have a positive effect on learners’ language proficiency, learners’ expertise in writing in
the target language, as well as on learners’ capacity to communicate by means of the target language. The use of lexical phrases is
also related to oral fluency, particularly at the beginning of second language acquisition. Lexical phrases may be treated as
wholes, either as complete or partially preassemble units. As such, they are stored in the lexicon as unanalyzed chunks just like
words. Being ready-made, they are easily retrieved. Consequently, they offer learners the possibility of expressing themselves in
the absence of rich linguistic resources. Beginners—children, elementary students, and particularly adults, who have already
developed their cognitive and semantic structures but lack the linguistic tools necessary to use the target language—become
conversationally competent without the need to know the underlying structure of these phrases. Lexical phrases prove highly
motivating by developing fluency at very early stages and thus promote a sense of achievement.
One aspect that may indirectly help the development of oral competence is that the use of lexical phrases raises learners’
pragmatic awareness and also increases their confidence in the target language: lexical phrases serve as lexical routines that
facilitate fluency. Another important aspect is that they facilitate language development. Lexical phrases allow for the expansion
of previously acquired knowledge as learners become more proficient. The reason for this is that they have associated functional
uses. Lexical phrases may be used to maintain a conversation, change the topic, make a request, greet people, and so one. This
functional feature of lexical phrases offers learners the possibility of expressing the same function in increasingly more difficult
ways by expanding an initial formula. Therefore, it constitutes a springboard for language development.
Based on the information in this passage, it can be inferred that--
ALexical phrases can be stored as analyzed units in the lexicon.
BThe use of lexical phrases can be associated with learners’ language levels.正確答案
CThe use of lexical phrases varies among language skills.
DThe type of instruction is a main factor explaining learners’ production of lexical phrases.
答案與詳解
