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中華民國憲法與水上警察專業英文114 年第 25 題單選題考點:文件調閱權界限考點:司法審查密度
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There have been several notable incidents in Taiwan involving Coast Guard law enforcement actions, including arrests and prosecutions. For example, in June 2024, a 60-year-old Chinese man, surnamed Ruan, entered Taiwan aboard a speedboat via the Tamsui River, raising national security concerns. According to reports, Ruan was a former captain in China's navy and managed to bypass several layers of maritime defense before being intercepted by Taiwan's Coast Guard near Taipei Harbor. Upon his arrest, authorities found he lacked legal documentation for entry. He was subsequently detained and investigated by prosecutors for illegal entry under Taiwan's immigration laws. In court, Ruan admitted to entering Taiwan without authorization and was sentenced to eight months in prison. The incident sparked a broader debate over Taiwan's coastal security measures and prompted the Coast Guard Administration to review and tighten patrol operations in sensitive maritime areas.

關於憲法機關之行使職權,下列敘述何者錯誤?

A立法院行使文件調閱權,應尊重其他獨立行使職權之機關
B就行政及立法裁量,司法權應予尊重,不得審查正確答案
C行政權應與立法權進行對話與溝通
D立法程序原則上屬議會自律範圍
答案與詳解
B
正確答案
司法權雖應尊重行政與立法裁量,但在裁量逾越或濫用時仍可審查,並非完全不得介入。

逐選項解析

A立法院行使文件調閱權,應尊重其他獨立行使職權之機關文件調閱權界限✕ 錯誤
立法院雖有文件調閱權(釋字325號),但對於獨立行使職權之機關(如司法、考試、監察)應予尊重,此為權力分立原則的體現,敘述正確。
B就行政及立法裁量,司法權應予尊重,不得審查司法審查密度✓ 正確
錯誤!司法權對行政、立法裁量「原則上尊重」,但當裁量逾越範圍、濫用權力或違憲時仍得審查。說「不得審查」過於絕對,違反司法違憲審查之本質。
C行政權應與立法權進行對話與溝通✕ 錯誤
D立法程序原則上屬議會自律範圍✕ 錯誤

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