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外交人員考試三等考試-外交領事人員類科英文組二國際經濟(以英文命題及作答)11320單選題

The Ricardian model of international trade demonstrates that trade can be mutually beneficial. Why do governments restrict imports of some goods?

ARestrictions on imports can have significant beneficial effects on domestic consumers.
BThe Ricardian model is often incorrect in its prediction that trade can be mutually beneficial.
CImports are only restricted when foreign-made goods do not meet domestic standards of quality.
DTrade can have significant harmful effects on some segments of a country's economy.正確答案
答案與詳解
D
正確答案
李嘉圖模型證明貿易互利,但政府仍限制進口,因貿易會對國內部分產業/勞工造成衝擊。

為什麼答案是 D

正解。雖然貿易對整體國家有利,但會對特定產業(如進口競爭產業的勞工、廠商)造成顯著傷害,這些受損團體有政治動機遊說政府設置進口限制。

考點:消費者剩餘考點:比較利益考點:技術性貿易障礙考點:所得重分配效果
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