Artificial intelligence and digital surveillance technologies are increasingly central to the global management of mixed migration. From biometric registration in refugee camps to algorithmic risk scoring at border crossings, these systems 11 how states and international organizations define, monitor, and control human mobility. In times of geopolitical turbulence, governments are turning to AI to make populations on the move more legible and 12 , relying on data-driven and technical solutions to 13 so-called migration crises. Yet this growing reliance on digital border governance raises urgent questions about transparency, reliability, and the human rights implications of these largely 14 , high-risk technologies. Moreover, such technologies are deeply embedded within power structures that perpetuate structural inequalities, systemic racism, and social 15 . (第11題) These systems how states and international organizations define, monitor, and control human mobility.