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相當高考-國防法務官國文(作文)與英文113 年第 34 題單選題考點:細節判斷/過度推論陷阱考點:細節判斷/短文未提及
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Václav Havel was a playwright and dissident who became the first president of Czechoslovakia after the fall of communism. He gave a talk to the U.S. Congress on February 21, 1990, entitled "The Responsibility of Intellectuals," a powerful speech that still resonates with audiences worldwide nowadays. In this speech, Havel spoke about the moral and intellectual responsibilities of individuals in positions of influence, especially in times of political upheaval. He emphasized the importance of truth, moral integrity, and the role of intellectuals in shaping a just society. This speech came at a pivotal moment in history, as the Iron Curtain was falling and Eastern European countries were transitioning from totalitarian regimes to democracies. His words underscored the need for global solidarity, human rights, and the rule of law in building a new world order. Havel's address had a profound impact not only on the U.S. Congress but also on the broader international community. It reinforced the idea that the fall of communism was not just a political victory but also a moral and ethical triumph. Havel's call for intellectuals to engage actively in public life and to hold governments accountable for their actions resonated with many, inspiring a renewed commitment to democracy and human rights. His words continue to be relevant today, reminding us of the enduring need for moral leadership and the power of truth in confronting oppression and corruption.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

AVáclav Havel was the driving force who got rid of the Iron Curtain.
BVáclav Havel's speech sparked protests across different continents of the world.
CVáclav Havel became a dissident after severely suffering from political oppression.
DVáclav Havel was Czechoslovakia's first president when it turned a democratic country.正確答案
答案與詳解
D
正確答案
根據短文,Havel 是捷克斯洛伐克在共產主義垮台後的首任總統,選項D最貼近短文內容。

逐選項解析

AVáclav Havel was the driving force who got rid of the Iron Curtain.細節判斷/過度推論陷阱✕ 易錯陷阱
短文僅說「the Iron Curtain was falling」(鐵幕正在倒落)發生於演講的歷史背景,並未說Havel是推倒鐵幕的主要推動力(driving force)。短文沒有給予他如此強烈的因果地位,屬過度推論。
BVáclav Havel's speech sparked protests across different continents of the world.細節判斷/短文未提及✕ 錯誤
短文提到演講對美國國會及更廣泛的國際社群有深遠影響('profound impact on the U.S. Congress but also on the broader international community'),但完全沒有提及演講「在各大洲引發抗議(protests)」,此為短文未述及之內容。
CVáclav Havel became a dissident after severely suffering from political oppression.✕ 易錯陷阱
DVáclav Havel was Czechoslovakia's first president when it turned a democratic country.✓ 正確

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