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離島地區公務人員考試四等-一般行政類科基礎能力測驗(作文、英文閱讀與法學知識)11316單選題
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Doctors without Borders, or Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF), is an international organization that provides medical assistance to millions of people around the world. The organization was created in 1971 by journalists and doctors in France. Now it works in over 60 countries. Its primary goal is to help people in crisis situations, such as wars, natural disasters, or extreme poverty. MSF raises money from private donors. This allows the organization to work independently from other governments, religions, or militaries and to assist individuals regardless of their nationality or affiliation. With this money, MSF creates medical teams of doctors, nurses, and other health-care professionals. MSF requires these teams to have experience in the medical field and to make a commitment to their work. MSF sends medical teams to countries where there are major needs. For example, a team might go to a refugee camp. Another team might go to a poor country with a lack of doctors and medicines. The teams study the situation and decide what care is needed. MSF can offer many different types of services. During a war, they may provide mental health services. After a natural disaster like an earthquake, they may rebuild hospitals and shelters to help the country recover. While MSF's medical teams are working in a country, their primary concern is quality medical assistance. However, if a team learns about a new problem, they will speak out so that the international community becomes aware of the situation. MSF will use media, such as newspaper articles or Twitter feeds, to inform the world. For instance, MSF created a campaign called "Starved for Attention." Global countries were made aware of the issue of childhood malnutrition through this campaign. After MSF has helped a country, they may leave and give its programs to the local citizens of that country. This allows MSF to use its resources to help the next country. However, MSF will not leave a country until the emergency situation has improved. MSF wants to be sure that the country will continue to get medical care after they leave. Through this process, MSF continues to have a positive impact on a community even after the organization has left a country.

What is the main purpose of this passage?

ATo show what MSF most requires.正確答案
BTo explain how MSF operates.
CTo describe the origins of MSF.
DTo emphasize the skills of MSF's doctors.
答案與詳解
A
正確答案
本文主旨為介紹無國界醫生(MSF)的整體運作方式,涵蓋組織背景、資金來源、團隊派遣、國際發聲與撤出交接等面向。正解為A,因A所述「MSF如何運作(how MSF operates)」是唯一能涵蓋全文各段的概括性選項。

為什麼答案是 A

描述MSF的整體運作方式(如何成立、籌資、派遣團隊、發聲及撤出)。這是唯一能像一把大傘涵蓋全文五個段落的概括性敘述,故為主旨題正解。

考點:全文主旨/概括涵蓋考點:範圍不足/近似陷阱考點:局部細節(成立背景)考點:局部細節(團隊要求)
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