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地方政府公務人員三等-土木工程類科法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)113 年第 47 題單選題考點:字彙理解
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While “Great Pacific Garbage Patch” is a term often used by the media, it does not paint an accurate picture of the marine debris problem in the North Pacific Ocean. Marine debris concentrates in various regions of the North Pacific, not just in one area. The exact size, content, and location of the “garbage patches” are difficult to accurately predict. The name “Pacific Garbage Patch” is not visible with satellite or aerial photographs. While higher concentrations of litter items can be found in this area, much of the debris is actually small pieces of floating plastic that are not immediately evident to the naked eye. The entire Great Pacific Garbage Patch is bounded by the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The circular motion of the gyre draws debris into this stable center, where it becomes trapped. While many different types of trash enter the ocean, plastics make up the majority of marine debris for two reasons. First, plastic’s durability, low cost, and malleability mean that it’s being used in more and more consumer and industrial products. Second, plastic goods do not biodegrade but instead, break down into smaller pieces. It is possible to sail through “garbage patch” areas in the Pacific and see very little or no debris on the water’s surface. Debris found in any region of the ocean can easily be ingested by marine species causing choking, starvation, and other impairments. Cleaning up marine debris is not as easy as it sounds. Many microplastics are the same size as small sea animals, so nets designed to scoop up trash would catch these creatures as well. Even if we could design nets that would just catch garbage, the size of the oceans makes this job far too time-consuming to consider. Besides, it is not likely that any country will pay the expensive bill.

Which of the following is closest in meaning to "impairments"?

ARepair.
BExtinction.
CDamage.正確答案
DPoison.
答案與詳解
C
正確答案
本題考查字彙理解。從文中「causing choking, starvation, and other impairments」可知,impairments 與窒息、飢餓等負面影響並列,意指「損害」,與 Damage 意思最相近。

逐選項解析

ARepair.字彙理解✕ 錯誤
Repair 意為「修復、修理」,與文意中造成海洋生物負面影響的語境完全相反,不可能為同義詞。
BExtinction.字彙理解✕ 錯誤
Extinction 意為「滅絕」。雖然海洋垃圾可能導致生物死亡甚至滅絕,但 impairment 的字義為「損傷、機能減退」,Extinction 語意過重且非同義詞。
CDamage.✓ 正確
DPoison.✕ 易錯陷阱

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