For most of its history, America was precisely the “polyglot boardinghouse” Teddy Roosevelt once worried it would become. That history has turned out very well not just for America, but for English—the most successful language in the history of the world. \_31\_ with American power, English has spread around the globe. At home, wave after wave of immigrants to America have not only learned English but \_32\_ the languages their parents brought with them. Today the typical pattern is that the arriving generation speaks little English, or learns it \_33\_; the first children born in America are \_34\_, but English-dominant, and their children hardly speak the \_35\_ language. This is as true of Hispanics as it is of speakers of smaller languages.