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Whether it was the breakup of a romantic relationship, betrayal by a person you believed to be a good friend, or a traumatic experience that rocked the ground underneath you, everyone has experienced the sick and sinking feeling a broken heart can trigger. Emotional and psychological distress can trigger the same part of the brain that responds to physical harm. That is, emotional pain is felt physically. Depending on the person, being “sick at heart” can be coupled with digestive upsets such as stomachaches and nausea. It may affect cognitive processes, leading to memory problems or difficulty expressing oneself verbally. It can affect the respiratory system and leave us struggling to catch our breath or hold our breath. The nervous system may be affected, leaving us weak in our knees or numb. Our blood pressure may rise and our heart might pound, and in some cases, a broken heart can be fatal. Both women and men may experience broken heart syndromes, but more women are diagnosed with it than men. However, women fare better than men and have a lower mortality rate than men. It’s probably because men tend to have more complications or a critical underlying issue. There is no easy path to healing a broken heart. Bed rest and a healthy diet are recommended. What also helps us is being in the company of family and friends who accept us and love us for who we are. Self-pity isn’t good, so don’t waste too much time wallowing. Don’t retreat from the world. Cocooning for a week isn’t harmful; stepping out of life for a month suggests symptoms of depression that may need to be addressed with the help of a counselor. Don’t waste a moment thinking about revenge. Remind yourself that living well is the best revenge, and commit yourself to moving forward without the negative energy.

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a symptom of broken heart syndromes?

ADifficulty in breathing.正確答案
BLow blood pressure.
CWeakness in knees.
DInability to describe feelings.
答案與詳解
A
正確答案
本題為反向(NOT)題,要求選出「文中未提及」的心碎症候群症狀。正解為A:原文描述心碎時呼吸會「struggling to catch our breath」(難以順暢呼吸),這是過度換氣式的「喘不過氣」,與A選項所指的臨床「呼吸困難(difficulty in breathing)」屬不同概念,故A為非症狀。

為什麼答案是 A

正解。原文僅提到心碎時「struggling to catch our breath」,描述的是情緒激動下的喘氣、換氣急促(短暫的呼吸節奏改變);A選項所稱的臨床「difficulty in breathing(呼吸困難)」是更嚴重、持續性的呼吸障礙,兩者語意層級不同。因此就「精確對應原文」而言,A並非原文所陳述的症狀,為本題答案。

考點:呼吸系統症狀考點:血壓變化考點:神經系統症狀考點:認知與表達
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