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地方政府公務人員三等-衛生行政類科法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)113 年第 49 題單選題
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While “Great Pacific Garbage Patch” is a term often used by the media, it does not paint an accurate picture of the marine debris problem in the North Pacific Ocean. Marine debris concentrates in various regions of the North Pacific, not just in one area. The exact size, content, and location of the “garbage patches” are difficult to accurately predict. The name “Pacific Garbage Patch” is not visible with satellite or aerial photographs. While higher concentrations of litter items can be found in this area, much of the debris is actually small pieces of floating plastic that are not immediately evident to the naked eye. The entire Great Pacific Garbage Patch is bounded by the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The circular motion of the gyre draws debris into this stable center, where it becomes trapped. While many different types of trash enter the ocean, plastics make up the majority of marine debris for two reasons. First, plastic’s durability, low cost, and malleability mean that it’s being used in more and more consumer and industrial products. Second, plastic goods do not biodegrade but instead, break down into smaller pieces. It is possible to sail through “garbage patch” areas in the Pacific and see very little or no debris on the water’s surface. Debris found in any region of the ocean can easily be ingested by marine species causing choking, starvation, and other impairments. Cleaning up marine debris is not as easy as it sounds. Many microplastics are the same size as small sea animals, so nets designed to scoop up trash would catch these creatures as well. Even if we could design nets that would just catch garbage, the size of the oceans makes this job far too time-consuming to consider. Besides, it is not likely that any country will pay the expensive bill.

According to the passage, why do plastics end up being the cause of Great Pacific Garbage Patch?

AThey are durable and malleable.正確答案
BThey biodegrade in a short time.
CThey cannot be seen with naked eyes.
DThey are difficult to correctly predict.
答案與詳解
A
正確答案
題目詢問塑膠成為海洋垃圾主因的理由,短文明確指出是因為塑膠具備耐用、低成本與延展性(durability, low cost, and malleability)。

逐選項解析

AThey are durable and malleable.✓ 正確
BThey biodegrade in a short time.✕ 易錯陷阱
短文指出塑膠「不會」生物降解 (do not biodegrade),而是碎裂成小塊。選項敘述「短時間內生物降解」與文章完全相反。
CThey cannot be seen with naked eyes.✕ 易錯陷阱
肉眼難以看見 (not immediately evident to the naked eye) 是微塑膠在海中的現狀特徵,而非其「成為海洋垃圾帶主因」的理由,屬於答非所問。
DThey are difficult to correctly predict.✕ 易錯陷阱

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