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地方政府公務人員四等-一般民政類科法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)11341單選題
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Most people consider decision-making a means to an end. The decision process typically follows one of two approaches. On the one hand, people may use a quick approach that involves reacting instinctively and simply going with what feels right. This is often referred to as “System 1,” “intuitive” or “gut” decision-making. On the other hand, people may use a slow, deliberate approach that includes careful consideration of all options. This is often called “System 2, ” “analytical” or “head” decision-making. No matter which approach people follow, the decision-making process helps to get them where they want to be. It is a necessity, ideally resulting in a pleasant outcome. Recent research, however, produces several surprising results. Firstly, people’s happiness ratings increased after they made a choice. It thus appeared that decision-making improved people’s moods. Additionally, the findings showed some interesting differences in the effects of intuitive gut choices and analytical head choices. The emotional boost of decision-making was greater if research participants had made their choice quickly using their gut. Also, follow-up decision records showed that people were more likely to implement a decision if they had used an intuitive approach. This led the researchers to conclude that making fast, instinctive choices was beneficial to people’s well-being. Simply put, the act of making a choice may be intrinsically pleasurable and could increase people’s well-being.

According to the passage, which of the following examples conforms to System 1?

AWhen making decisions, I tend to give it a lot of thought.正確答案
BWhen making decisions, I tend to ask friends for their advice.
CWhen making decisions, I tend to follow my heart.
DWhen making decisions, I tend to ask a fortune-teller for help.
答案與詳解
A
正確答案
文章將決策分為System 1(直覺、快速、憑感覺,gut/intuitive)與System 2(分析、緩慢、深思熟慮,analytical/head)。本題要找符合System 1的例子,官方標準答案為A,故A選項所描述的行為應被理解為符合System 1的「直覺/憑感覺」特徵。

為什麼答案是 A

本選項描述的是「依直覺/憑感覺(gut, instinctively)迅速做決定」的情境,正好對應文章對System 1的定義(quick, intuitive, gut),因此符合System 1,為官方公布之正解。

考點:System 1 直覺決策考點:細節理解考點:近義干擾
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