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國中教甄|英語英語113 年第 67 題單選題
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Japan faces a profound challenge with its aging population, driven by declining birth rates and longer life expectancies. This shift has far-reaching implications across the economy, society, and culture, demanding urgent attention and innovative solutions. A striking aspect of Japan's aging crisis is its rapidly shrinking workforce. With fewer young workers due to declining births and a significant segment of the population nearing retirement age, the country faces a shortage that strains pensions, healthcare, and industries reliant on robust labor. Additionally, this demographic change also brings social and cultural challenges. Traditional family structures, where multiple generations lived together and cared for elders, are evolving as younger generations pursue careers and urban lifestyles. Consequently, this shift impacts caregiving dynamics, housing, and support networks. Economically, Japan's aging population leads to reduced productivity and innovation, thereby slowing economic growth. Moreover, the strain on healthcare and social welfare escalates with surging demands for elder care services and facilities. Therefore, comprehensive policies promoting workforce participation, innovation, and support for aging individuals and families are imperative. Embracing technological advancements like robotics and AI offers a solution to offset labor shortages, enhance productivity, improve healthcare, and support independent living among older adults. Investment in research and development in these fields promises long-term benefits for Japan. Furthermore, reimagining social structures is critical in addressing the aging crisis, encouraging flexible work arrangements, active aging initiatives, and community-based care models that empower older adults while alleviating pressure on healthcare and social services. Leveraging Japan's cultural heritage and strong community ties can foster intergenerational solidarity through initiatives promoting intergenerational exchange, volunteerism, and mentorship, thereby bridging generational gaps and creating a more inclusive society where all ages contribute meaningfully. Japan's aging population necessitates a holistic approach. Through technological innovation, revamped social structures, and fostering intergenerational solidarity, Japan can navigate this demographic shift towards a sustainable and inclusive future. The challenge is significant, but with proactive policies and concerted efforts, Japan can turn aging into an opportunity for growth and renewal.

How does the changing family structure in Japan impact caregiving dynamics?

AIt leads to decreased need for professional caregivers.
BIt necessitates more community-based care models.
CIt results in fewer caregiving responsibilities for family members.
DIt creates challenges due to fewer family members available for support.正確答案
答案與詳解
D
正確答案
家庭結構從多代同堂轉變為年輕世代外出工作,導致能照顧長者的家庭成員減少,進而對照顧體系帶來挑戰。

為什麼答案是 D

文章明確指出年輕世代追求事業與都市生活,改變了傳統多代同堂的結構,導致能支持長者的家庭成員減少,為照顧動態帶來挑戰。

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