Country S is endowed with 1,200 units of labor and can produce two tradable commodities, i.e., clothing and co…

Question

Country S is endowed with 1,200 units of labor and can produce two tradable commodities, i.e., clothing and computers. The labor requirement per unit of clothing is 8 and that of computers is 16. Country N is endowed with 800 units of labor and requires 4 units of labor per unit of clothing and 5 units of labor per unit of computers. What is the opportunity cost of clothing in terms of computers for countries S and N, respectively?
(A) 1.2; 2
(B) 2; 1.2
(C) 0.8; 0.5
(D) 0.5; 0.8

Accepted Answer

正確答案為 D。 機會成本 = 生產該財所需勞動 ÷ 另一財所需勞動。S國衣服機會成本 8/16=0.5台電腦；N國 4/5=0.8台電腦。 (A) 【方向顛倒】1.2 與 2 是電腦以衣服表示的機會成本（16/8=2, 5/4=1.25），題目問的是衣服的機會成本，方向顛倒。 (B) 【順序錯置】同樣算反了，且 S、N 順序也錯置。這是電腦對衣服的機會成本，不是本題所問。

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