外交人員考試三等考試-外交領事人員類科英文組二國際公法(以英文命題及作答)113 年第 6 題單選題

Under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, the vessels enjoy different levels of navigation rights in various types of maritime zones. Which of the followings is correct?

AThe right of transit passage through territorial seas.

BThe right of archipelagic sea lanes passage through the exclusive economic zones of the archipelagic States.

CThe right of innocent passage through the contiguous zones.

DThe freedom of navigation through the exclusive economic zones.正確答案

答案與詳解

正確答案

UNCLOS 下，專屬經濟區享有航行自由（freedom of navigation），為正確敘述。

AThe right of transit passage through territorial seas.✕ 易錯陷阱

過境通行權（transit passage）適用於「國際海峽」(international straits)，不是領海。領海內船舶享有的是「無害通過權」(innocent passage)。區域與權利張冠李戴。

BThe right of archipelagic sea lanes passage through the exclusive economic zones of the archipelagic States.✕ 易錯陷阱

群島海道通過權（archipelagic sea lanes passage）適用於群島國的「群島水域」(archipelagic waters)，而非其 EEZ。EEZ 本來就是航行自由，不需要特別的 sea lanes passage 制度。

CThe right of innocent passage through the contiguous zones.✕ 易錯陷阱

DThe freedom of navigation through the exclusive economic zones.✓ 正確

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