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地方政府公務人員四等-測量製圖類科法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)113 年第 41 題單選題考點:系統二慢思考考點:外部評估
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Most people consider decision-making a means to an end. The decision process typically follows one of two approaches. On the one hand, people may use a quick approach that involves reacting instinctively and simply going with what feels right. This is often referred to as “System 1,” “intuitive” or “gut” decision-making. On the other hand, people may use a slow, deliberate approach that includes careful consideration of all options. This is often called “System 2, ” “analytical” or “head” decision-making. No matter which approach people follow, the decision-making process helps to get them where they want to be. It is a necessity, ideally resulting in a pleasant outcome. Recent research, however, produces several surprising results. Firstly, people’s happiness ratings increased after they made a choice. It thus appeared that decision-making improved people’s moods. Additionally, the findings showed some interesting differences in the effects of intuitive gut choices and analytical head choices. The emotional boost of decision-making was greater if research participants had made their choice quickly using their gut. Also, follow-up decision records showed that people were more likely to implement a decision if they had used an intuitive approach. This led the researchers to conclude that making fast, instinctive choices was beneficial to people’s well-being. Simply put, the act of making a choice may be intrinsically pleasurable and could increase people’s well-being.

According to the passage, which of the following examples conforms to System 1?

AWhen making decisions, I tend to give it a lot of thought.
BWhen making decisions, I tend to ask friends for their advice.
CWhen making decisions, I tend to follow my heart.正確答案
DWhen making decisions, I tend to ask a fortune-teller for help.
答案與詳解
C
正確答案
系統一代表快速、直覺、不費力的思考模式,選項C的「follow my heart」完美契合此直覺特徵。

逐選項解析

AWhen making decisions, I tend to give it a lot of thought.系統二慢思考✕ 易錯陷阱
深思熟慮(give it a lot of thought)需要耗費腦力與邏輯分析,屬於系統二(System 2)的慢思考。
BWhen making decisions, I tend to ask friends for their advice.外部評估✕ 錯誤
詢問朋友意見需要傾聽、理解與評估,並非系統一自動且快速的直覺反應。
CWhen making decisions, I tend to follow my heart.✓ 正確
DWhen making decisions, I tend to ask a fortune-teller for help.✕ 錯誤

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