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外交人員考試三等考試-外交領事人員類科英文組二國際關係與近代外交史(以英文命題及作答)112 年第 4 題單選題考點:軟硬實力混淆考點:巧實力核心主張

Suzanne Nossel, a scholar of international relations, proposed the concept of "smart power" in Foreign Affairs in 2004. Which of the following statement is incorrect?

ASoft power can also be manifested by coercive diplomacy, military intimidation, military intervention, and economic sanctions正確答案
BCountries shall enhance national interests by means of alliances, international regimes, and prudent foreign policy
CSmart power is the combination of hard and soft powers through which countries integrate tactics, resources and foreign policy to achieve national goals
DIn contemporary international relations, the use of power is shifting increasingly from hard to soft power, while preserving both elements continually
答案與詳解
A
正確答案
巧實力 (Smart Power) 是硬實力與軟實力的結合,軟實力靠吸引力而非強制手段。

逐選項解析

ASoft power can also be manifested by coercive diplomacy, military intimidation, military intervention, and economic sanctions軟硬實力混淆✓ 正確
此為題目要選的「錯誤敘述」。強制外交、軍事威嚇、軍事介入、經濟制裁屬於「硬實力 (hard power)」範疇,而非軟實力。軟實力 (Nye 提出) 強調文化、價值觀、政策的吸引力。此題故意把硬實力手段安到軟實力頭上,是典型名詞偷換。
BCountries shall enhance national interests by means of alliances, international regimes, and prudent foreign policy巧實力核心主張✕ 錯誤
Nossel 在 2004 年《Foreign Affairs》文章中確實主張國家應透過「同盟、國際建制、審慎外交政策」來增進國家利益,此為巧實力的核心主張之一,敘述正確。
CSmart power is the combination of hard and soft powers through which countries integrate tactics, resources and foreign policy to achieve national goals✕ 錯誤
DIn contemporary international relations, the use of power is shifting increasingly from hard to soft power, while preserving both elements continually✕ 易錯陷阱

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