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國小教甄|英語英語106 年第 52 題單選題
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Inter-language switching, once the pariah of language learners, is now an eminently respectable part of both bilingual language performance and linguistic analysis. Switching involves the use of more than one language code or system in an utterance. Such inter-language switching is endemic, creative and popular in many of the Outer Circle communities like Singapore, Hong Kong, and Malaysia. In places like Singapore, it may routinely involve three languages or even more—in Singapore that means especially English, Chinese and Malay. Most studies of switching are concerned with the forms of languages. This can be phonological, as happens when we swap from authentic to foreign pronunciation. It can be morphological, for instance in the unstable realization of the plural in Asian Englishes in public signs. Such forms may well become either standard or fully accepted variants respectively in Macao and Malaysia. As things stand at present, however, this use (or not) of the plural is not standard, and constitutes switching or cross-code interference. Switching requires that both speakers share sufficient knowledge of two or more shared languages. It is also typically asymmetrical, in that one speaker will be more competent than the other, or that one speaker will make more accommodation than the other. This may involve the negotiation and choice of the language which the two speakers best share for communication, or it may involve the selection of language forms appropriate to the language level of both, and especially the weaker speaker. Switching is therefore a communicative strategy. It is often deliberate and strategic, as when a stronger speaker accommodates to a less competent interlocutor. But it can also be motivated by language gaps, when a speaker lacks command of language forms for a particular task of communication. And with really competent bilinguals switches can be part of competent, witty, expressive interpersonal communication, where the enjoyment and exploitation of language resources seem to emerge naturally, rapidly, and seamlessly in the flow of communication. Bilingual children do this with particular ease and unconscious grace. Switching is a natural part of finding appropriate expression for a message.

Based on the information in this passage, which of the following statements would most likely be considered true?

ABilingual switches are concerned with language forms.
BSwitching is a common phenomenon in Hong Kong.正確答案
CThere are only two kinds of switches: phonological and morphological.
DSwitching is observed only with bilingual children.
答案與詳解
B
正確答案
第一段說語言轉換在新加坡、香港、馬來西亞等外圈社群 "endemic, creative and popular",可知在香港很普遍,答案 B。

逐選項解析

ABilingual switches are concerned with language forms.✕ 易錯陷阱
偷換主詞。原文是 "Most studies of switching are concerned with the forms of languages"——是「多數研究」關注語言形式,不是說轉換本身只與語言形式有關。
BSwitching is a common phenomenon in Hong Kong.✓ 正確
原文說語言轉換在新加坡、香港、馬來西亞等外圈社群 endemic, creative and popular,即在香港是普遍現象。
CThere are only two kinds of switches: phonological and morphological.✕ 錯誤
DSwitching is observed only with bilingual children.✕ 錯誤

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