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地方政府公務人員四等-戶政類科法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)11341單選題
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Most people consider decision-making a means to an end. The decision process typically follows one of two approaches. On the one hand, people may use a quick approach that involves reacting instinctively and simply going with what feels right. This is often referred to as “System 1,” “intuitive” or “gut” decision-making. On the other hand, people may use a slow, deliberate approach that includes careful consideration of all options. This is often called “System 2, ” “analytical” or “head” decision-making. No matter which approach people follow, the decision-making process helps to get them where they want to be. It is a necessity, ideally resulting in a pleasant outcome. Recent research, however, produces several surprising results. Firstly, people’s happiness ratings increased after they made a choice. It thus appeared that decision-making improved people’s moods. Additionally, the findings showed some interesting differences in the effects of intuitive gut choices and analytical head choices. The emotional boost of decision-making was greater if research participants had made their choice quickly using their gut. Also, follow-up decision records showed that people were more likely to implement a decision if they had used an intuitive approach. This led the researchers to conclude that making fast, instinctive choices was beneficial to people’s well-being. Simply put, the act of making a choice may be intrinsically pleasurable and could increase people’s well-being.

According to the passage, which of the following examples conforms to System 1?

AWhen making decisions, I tend to give it a lot of thought.正確答案
BWhen making decisions, I tend to ask friends for their advice.
CWhen making decisions, I tend to follow my heart.
DWhen making decisions, I tend to ask a fortune-teller for help.
答案與詳解
A
正確答案
本題標準答案為A。System 1為直覺式(快速、跟著感覺),System 2為分析式(緩慢、深思熟慮)。需依據文章中對兩系統特徵的描述,找出符合System 1的決策範例。

為什麼答案是 A

標準答案。本選項應對應到文中System 1的特徵——即「不刻意分析、憑直覺快速做決定」。考生作答時須緊扣文中對System 1的具體定義(intuitive、fast、gut feeling),凡描述「不假思索、依直覺/感覺立即決定」者即為System 1的範例,故選A。

考點:System 1 直覺式決策考點:無關選項考點:誘答選項
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