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國小教甄|英語英語111 年第 60 題單選題
📖 閱讀測驗 · 共用前文
Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Proponents of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision. Since most important problems are multifaceted, there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is the question "What will I do after graduation?" A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year. A decision-making worksheet begins with a succinct statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. With an appropriate decision, a graduating student might revise the question above to "What will I do after graduation that will lead to successful career?".

The author states that "On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once (lines 18-19) to explain that \_\_\_\_.

Amost decisions involve seven steps
Bhuman mental capacity has limitations正確答案
Csome people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisions
Dpeople can learn to keep more than seven ideas in their minds with practice
答案與詳解
B
正確答案
作者指出人類一次只能記住約七個想法,藉此說明人類的心智處理能力存在極限,因此需要借助紙筆工具來輔助決策。

逐選項解析

Amost decisions involve seven steps✕ 錯誤
七個想法 (seven ideas) 是指大腦一次能處理的資訊容量,而非決策步驟的數量。
Bhuman mental capacity has limitations✓ 正確
前文提到紙筆工具能幫助人們處理超出大腦能理解和記憶的變數,接著以一次只能記住七個想法來具體說明人類心智能力 (mental capacity) 的局限性 (limitations)。
Csome people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisions✕ 錯誤
Dpeople can learn to keep more than seven ideas in their minds with practice✕ 錯誤

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