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國中教甄|理化理化109 年第 88 題單選題

A man pushes a car along a road. He exerts a force F on the car. In this situation, what is the equal and opposite force to F (i.e., ‘reaction’ force) as referred to in Newton’s third law?

AThe force exerted on the person by the car正確答案
BThe force of friction on the car by the road
CThe force of gravity on the car by the earth
DThere is no reaction force if the car moves in the direction of F
答案與詳解
A
正確答案
人對車施力 F,牛頓第三定律的反作用力就是車對人施予大小相等、方向相反的力。

逐選項解析

AThe force exerted on the person by the car✓ 正確
人對車施力 F,車同時對人施予大小相等、方向相反的力,這正是牛頓第三定律中的反作用力。
BThe force of friction on the car by the road✕ 易錯陷阱
路面對車的摩擦力可能影響車是否移動或加速,但它不是人對車施力 F 的反作用力。
CThe force of gravity on the car by the earth✕ 易錯陷阱
DThere is no reaction force if the car moves in the direction of F✕ 易錯陷阱

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