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地方政府公務人員四等-地政類科法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)11341單選題
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Most people consider decision-making a means to an end. The decision process typically follows one of two approaches. On the one hand, people may use a quick approach that involves reacting instinctively and simply going with what feels right. This is often referred to as “System 1,” “intuitive” or “gut” decision-making. On the other hand, people may use a slow, deliberate approach that includes careful consideration of all options. This is often called “System 2, ” “analytical” or “head” decision-making. No matter which approach people follow, the decision-making process helps to get them where they want to be. It is a necessity, ideally resulting in a pleasant outcome. Recent research, however, produces several surprising results. Firstly, people’s happiness ratings increased after they made a choice. It thus appeared that decision-making improved people’s moods. Additionally, the findings showed some interesting differences in the effects of intuitive gut choices and analytical head choices. The emotional boost of decision-making was greater if research participants had made their choice quickly using their gut. Also, follow-up decision records showed that people were more likely to implement a decision if they had used an intuitive approach. This led the researchers to conclude that making fast, instinctive choices was beneficial to people’s well-being. Simply put, the act of making a choice may be intrinsically pleasurable and could increase people’s well-being.

According to the passage, which of the following examples conforms to System 1?

AWhen making decisions, I tend to give it a lot of thought.正確答案
BWhen making decisions, I tend to ask friends for their advice.
CWhen making decisions, I tend to follow my heart.
DWhen making decisions, I tend to ask a fortune-teller for help.
答案與詳解
A
正確答案
本題核心是辨認 System 1:快速、直覺、幾乎不經刻意思考的反應。若選項 A 的完整文字確實是「give it a lot of thought(仔細想很多)」而沒有否定詞,則它在概念上其實更符合 System 2,而非 System 1;因此官方答案 A 需要依賴原文是否另有關鍵語境或是否有題目/答案誤植。

為什麼答案是 A

官方標準答案為 A。不過,若 A 的完整表述真的是「give it a lot of thought(仔細思考很多)」且沒有像「didn't / without」這類否定或轉折,則此表述本身代表有意識、費力、審慎的思考,依文章對 System 1/System 2 的一般區分,應屬 System 2,而不是 System 1。A 只有在原文實際意思是「沒有多想、很快就做決定」或選項中另有支持『直覺反應』的語境時,才可合理符合 System 1。

考點:System 1/System 2 判準爭議考點:System 2(蒐集資訊與評估)考點:直覺語意干擾項考點:外部依賴/非雙系統典型例
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