Which of the following statements regarding the legal principles of international environmental law is NOT correct?
AThe general obligation of States to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction and control respect the environment of other States was affirmed by the 1996 International Court of Justice in Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons advisory opinion.
BThe Polluter-Pays Principle has been confirmed as a general principle of law by the 1972 Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment.正確答案
CThe requirement to conduct environmental impact assessments was affirmed by the 2010 International Court of Justice Pulp Mills on the River Uruguay Judgment.
DThe concept of sustainable development has been applied in general economic and trade agreements.
答案與詳解
B
正確答案
污染者付費原則並非由1972年斯德哥爾摩宣言確立，而是1992年里約宣言第16條所確認。
逐選項解析
AThe general obligation of States to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction and control respect the environment of other States was affirmed by the 1996 International Court of Justice in Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons advisory opinion.✕ 錯誤
BThe Polluter-Pays Principle has been confirmed as a general principle of law by the 1972 Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment.✓ 正確
CThe requirement to conduct environmental impact assessments was affirmed by the 2010 International Court of Justice Pulp Mills on the River Uruguay Judgment.✕ 錯誤
正確。2010年ICJ在Pulp Mills on the River Uruguay (Argentina v. Uruguay)案中明確指出，環境影響評估已成為一般國際法的要求，屬於跨界環境保護的程序義務。
DThe concept of sustainable development has been applied in general economic and trade agreements.✕ 錯誤
