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外交人員考試三等考試-外交領事人員類科英文組二國際公法(以英文命題及作答)11420單選題

With regard to conventions and norms related to international environmental protection, which of the following statements is NOT correct?

AThe Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal completely prohibits transboundary movements of hazardous wastes.正確答案
BThe International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil prevents the discharge of oil from ships into the sea.
CAccording to the Convention on Biological Diversity, national governments have the authority to determine access to genetic resources.
DThe Paris Agreement adopts nationally determined contributions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
答案與詳解
A
正確答案
巴塞爾公約是「管制」而非「完全禁止」有害廢棄物跨境轉移,這是最經典的陷阱。

為什麼答案是 A

錯誤敘述(本題要選的答案)。巴塞爾公約是「控制」(Control) 跨境轉移,要求事先知情同意(PIC 程序),而非完全禁止。1995 年禁令修正案 (Ban Amendment) 才禁止 OECD→非 OECD 的輸出,但母約本身並非全面禁止。

考點:Basel 管制≠禁止考點:OILPOL/MARPOL考點:CBD 國家主權考點:Paris NDCs
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