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地方政府公務人員四等-建築工程類科法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)11341單選題
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Most people consider decision-making a means to an end. The decision process typically follows one of two approaches. On the one hand, people may use a quick approach that involves reacting instinctively and simply going with what feels right. This is often referred to as “System 1,” “intuitive” or “gut” decision-making. On the other hand, people may use a slow, deliberate approach that includes careful consideration of all options. This is often called “System 2, ” “analytical” or “head” decision-making. No matter which approach people follow, the decision-making process helps to get them where they want to be. It is a necessity, ideally resulting in a pleasant outcome. Recent research, however, produces several surprising results. Firstly, people’s happiness ratings increased after they made a choice. It thus appeared that decision-making improved people’s moods. Additionally, the findings showed some interesting differences in the effects of intuitive gut choices and analytical head choices. The emotional boost of decision-making was greater if research participants had made their choice quickly using their gut. Also, follow-up decision records showed that people were more likely to implement a decision if they had used an intuitive approach. This led the researchers to conclude that making fast, instinctive choices was beneficial to people’s well-being. Simply put, the act of making a choice may be intrinsically pleasurable and could increase people’s well-being.

According to the passage, which of the following examples conforms to System 1?

AWhen making decisions, I tend to give it a lot of thought.正確答案
BWhen making decisions, I tend to ask friends for their advice.
CWhen making decisions, I tend to follow my heart.
DWhen making decisions, I tend to ask a fortune-teller for help.
答案與詳解
A
正確答案
本題考 System 1 的概念。依短文定義,System 1 是快速、直覺、本能反應的決策方式;若選項 A 表示「深思熟慮/仔細考量」,它其實符合 System 2,而不是 System 1。因此依概念判斷,符合 System 1 的應是描述「跟隨自己的心/直覺」的選項 C,題目所給標準答案 A 與短文定義存在衝突。

為什麼答案是 A

若選項 C 表示「做決定時傾向跟隨自己的心/直覺」,這正符合 System 1 的核心特徵:快速、憑感覺、gut feeling、instinctive response。System 1 不會花很多時間逐項分析,而是依靠直覺或本能反應,因此 C 才是依短文概念最合理的答案。

考點:System 2 特徵考點:外部意見/非直覺判斷考點:System 1 特徵考點:無關選項
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