一簡支梁承受如圖所示之向上及向下均佈載重,其最大彎矩之絕對值為何?

A12 kN-m
B13.5 kN-m正確答案
C18 kN-m
D24 kN-m
答案與詳解

正確答案。由圖:A端鉸支、B端滾支,全梁長6m。AC段(0~3m)向下12kN/m合力=36kN作用於x=1.5m;CB段(3~6m)向上12kN/m合力=36kN作用於x=4.5m。對B取矩:RA×6 = 36×(6-1.5) - 36×(6-4.5) = 36×4.5 - 36×1.5 = 162-54=108,RA=18kN(↑)。對A取矩:RB×6 = 36×4.5 - 36×1.5 = 108,RB=18kN(↑)。等等——重新驗算:ΣFy=0:RA+RB = 36(↓)-36(↑)=0,故RA+RB=0。重新對B取矩:RA×6 - 36×(6-1.5) + 36×(6-4.5)=0 → RA×6 = 36×4.5 - 36×1.5 = 162-54=108 → RA=18kN(↑);則RB= -18kN,即RB=18kN(↓)。C點彎矩:M(C) = RA×3 - (12×3)×1.5 = 18×3 - 36×1.5 = 54-54=0?重新確認載重方向:AC向下,CB向上。ΣMB=0:RA×6 + 36×(6-4.5) - 36×(6-1.5)=0 → RA×6 = 36×4.5-36×1.5=108 → RA=18kN↑;ΣFy:RA+RB-36+36=0 → RB=-18kN,即18kN↓。M在x=3(C點)=18×3 - 12×3×1.5=54-54=0。剪力圖:x=0~3,V(x)=18-12x,V=0時x=1.5m。M(1.5)=18×1.5-12×1.5²/2=27-13.5=13.5 kN-m。最大彎矩絕對值=13.5 kN-m。
